17^th World Congress on Nutrition and Food Chemistry 2018-09-13 September 13-15, 2018

Biography:

Sima Hamadeh is currently an Assistant Professor and Program Coordinator of Nutrition & Dietetics Sciences at Haigazian University (Lebanon). Her interests lies in such areas as the dietary motivations and behaviors in communities; the evolution of nutrition; the epidemiology of obesity especially among youth; the health promotion and communication; and the nutrition policies. Her Master and Doctoral studies were awarded respectively, the “Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence 2009” - as Highly Commended Award Winner and the “Prix d’Excellence Scientifique Franco-Libanais 2015” for the outstanding research project. She has several publications in scientific refereed journals and book. She has also many oral communications on public health nutrition in international and national congresses. She works closely with different national ministries and organizations, and international institutions in projects, seminars, researches and community programs. She is also a former Member of
several executive international scientific committees and associations.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Food policies have an essential role for preventing global obesity epidemic and health problems. The interaction between individuals’ factors and the environments and systems in which people live provides a novel perspective to understand how various food policies work in different settings.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to qualitatively explore how combined food-policy actions work and how such policies can be designed to be more effective with substantial and sustained effect specifically on youth lifestyle.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Our approach draws on evidence from a range of disciplines (socio-psychology, communication, social marketing, nutrition economics and public health nutrition) to develop an innovative holistic conceptual framework to understand how food policies work in different areas such as school settings, food industry, and marketing. Directed and semi-structured individual interviews, and focus groups were conducted with 115 participants (67 adults and 48 youth) in Lebanon. Collected data have been submitted to a thematic qualitative analysis.

Findings: Effective food-policy actions should be: 1) tailored to the preference, behavioral, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics of the people they seek to support, 2) designed to work through the mechanisms through which they have greatest effect and, 3) implemented as part of a combination of complementary and mutually reinforcing actions. Mobilization and organization of public and key stakeholders support for bold executive actions is crucial.

Conclusion & Significance: Smart food-policies should be comprehensive to create positive changes to food, information, social environments and food systems that enable youth to learn healthy behaviors. Policies assessments should be carefully designed using indicators of progress along the various pathways towards the short and long-term goals of promoting and improving healthy lifestyles among youth.

Biography:

Qianru Chen has her passion and expertise in food science and nutrition. She is committed to the study of the health benefits of bioactive collagen peptide derived from marine materials. Her research on the relationship of fish skin derived collagen peptides and intestinal barrier function provides a potential therapy for improving gut health and a new way in collagen peptides based functional food development

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Intestine, a tightly regulated barrier responsible for nutrients absorption and defense against noxious molecular and organisms, has been recognized as a key factor involved in the pathogenesis of food allergy, inflammation bowel disease, celiac disease and development of immune and organ dysfunction after burn and critical illness. Thus, the protection of intestinal barrier function is regard as a pivotal target for health and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients. Collagen peptides (CPs) have been shown to have broad spectra of physiologic and pharmacological properties and confirmed as a safe nutritional supplement for the development of functional food by many international organizations.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of CPs on intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo.
Findings: Collagen peptides derived from Alaska pollock skin could attenuate TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction of Caco-2 cells and burn induced intestinal barrier disruption of mice via inhibiting the NFκB and MAPKs-mediated MLCK pathway with associated reorganization and decreases of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin.
Conclusion & Significance: This study first systematically studied and elucidated the protective effect of Alaska pollock skin derived collagen peptides on intestinal mucosal barrier function and its mechanism. It not only provides a theoretical basia for the development of CPs supplemented functional foods, but also offers a new strategy for the patients suffering from intestinal barrier dysfunction.

Biography:

Panupong Puttarak received his Doctor of Pharmaceutical Science, Prince of Songkla University. 2008. His is a Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) in Pharmaceutical Sciences, from Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Prince of Songkla University. 2012. Later he started his employment as lecturer at department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-yai, Songkhla, Thailand. And his expertise fields: Phytochemistry, Standardization, Natural Products, Evidencebased medicine, Clinical pharmacy.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. has a long history as herb for brain tonic, mental disorders and memoryenhancing
in Asia. A number of clinical studies of C. asiatica on mood and cognitive effect have been reported. However, no summarizes the overall evidence of C. asiatica on cognitive function.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: This study aims to determine the effects of C. asiatica on mood and cognitive function. International and Thai databases were searched for clinical studies investigating C. asiatica. Outcomes of interest were any measure on mood and cognitive function. Mean changes of the outcomes from baseline were compared by standardized mean difference.

Findings: Eleven randomized controlled trials involving 642 patients were included. C. asiatica could increase alert score [SMD: 0.71 (95%CI; 0.01 to 1.41); p = 0.046, I2 = 30.5%] and decrease anger score at 1 hour after treatment [SMD: -0.81 (95%CI; -1.51 to -0.09); p = 0.026, I2 = 36.6%]. Overall effects indicated no significant differences between C. asiatica and comparators on every cognitive domain except a comparison of combination products which could decrease time of problem solving in executive function domain [SMD: -0.77 (95%CI; -1.26 to -0.27); p = 0.002, I2 = 0.0%] compared with a comparator. No study reported adverse effect of C. asiatica.

Conclusion & Significance: C. asiatica could increase alert and decrease anger score. However, C. asiatica has no clinical effect on cognitive function. Future well-designed clinical trials of standardized C. asiatica are still needed.

Biography:

Yu Qing Zhang obtained his PhD in Technology of Bioscience from Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan in 2005. He is a Professor of Applied Biology Department as well as the Silk Biotechnology Lab at Soochow University, P R China since November 2007. His research interest focuses on characterizing mechanical and biological properties and developing new use of silk biomaterial, in particular, applications of silk protein in biomedical materials, biomedicines, daily fine chemicals or cosmetics. Currently, he is appointed as a Scientist of the China Agriculture Research System (CARS) by the Agricu lture Ministry of China.

Abstract:

Morusin is a prenylated flavonoid that is extracted from the root bark of Morus alba, which has been found to play a role in anti-cancer promotion. Here, we first screened the effects of morusin on 20 kinds of cancer cells. We found that the tumour inhibitory ratio of the high concentration treatment group (20 μg/ml) could reach 84% with a dose effect manner. The
average half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20 kinds of cancer cells was 14.79 μM, of which 80% was less than or equal to 15.36 μM. Second, we investigated the effects of morusin on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells and HCT116 colon cancer cells, and explored its mechanism. Morusin remarkably inhibits the growth of
these cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The apoptotic results showed that the apoptotic rate of MDA-MB-453 cells treated with a high concentration of morusin was 77.73% (P<0.01). Western blotting displayed that morusin could upregulate the expression of E-cadherin and downregulate the N-cadherin and vimentin in a dose-dependent manner, and thus reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition. It could also upregulate the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3, indicating that morusin could induce cell apoptosis. The results showed that MDA-MB-453 cells were arrested in the G2 phase, and HCT116 cells were blocked in the S phase when treated with morusin, which could
disturb the cell cycle. In summary, morusin could inhibit tumour growth and migration and promote cell apoptosis.

Biography:

Xiao Lu Yin is currently a graduate student in Applied Biology from Soochow University, P R China. Her research interest focuses on biological properties and
developing new use of sericulture waste, in particular applications of mulberry branches in biomedical materials, biomedicines, and cosmetics.

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential protective effect of Gynura divaricata (GD) in diabetic mice. Gynura divaricata (GD) is a kind of natural products for edible and medicine. The analytical results showed that the methanol extract of GD riches in 10.3% 3, 5- or 6.8% 4, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 5.6% chlorogenic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC–DAD). After STZ-induced 2 type diabetic mice (male ICR) were orally administered with 1%, 5% and 10% GD diet for 4 weeks, a series of assays was performed. The hypoglycaemic rate of Fasting
Blood Glucose (FBG) reached 41.4% in 10% GD group and the fasting serum insulin in the highest dose GD group has decreased as low as normal group. GD treatment significantly reduced the glycosylated serum protein (GSP) level in diabetic mice. The activities of total Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase were markedly increased; while the malonaldehyde (MDA) level was decreased in pancreas tissue by treatment of GD. HE-staining showed that the pathological damage in islets with pancreatic β-cells was ameliorated by GD treatment. An immunohistochemical assay showed that GD
promoted marked β-cell regeneration. GD treatment also caused notable increase in GLUT2, GK, MafA, PDX-1, and Bcl-2 as well as reduction in Bax and caspase-3 expression as shown by Western Blot analysis. In conclusion, GD exerts the pronounced hypoglycaemic effect by restraining islet cell apoptosis and improving pancreatic function. Therefore, GD might be a promising food or medicine for the treatment of diabetes.

Biography:

Jones W Ng’ambi holds a BSc Degree in Animal Sciences (University of Zambia, Zambia); MSc in Animal Nutrition (University of Aberdeen, UK) and PhD in
Animal Nutrition (University of London, UK). He is a Professor of Animal Nutrition at the University of Limpopo, Republic of South Africa. He has lectured at several
universities. He has published extensively and is a Rated Researcher in Republic of South Africa.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Broiler chickens are selected for their better feed conversion ratio and growth rates. However, their
mortality rate is high and carcasses from broiler chickens have high fat contents. Excessive fat is one of the main problems faced
by the broiler chicken industry. There is some evidence that carrot meal supplementation reduces chick mortality and improves
carcass characteristics. However, such evidence is inconclusive.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of supplementing diets with carrot meal on productivity of Arbor
acre broiler chickens aged 1-21 days.

Materials & Methodology: Two hundred unsexed Arbor acre broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five treatments with
five replicates, each replication having ten birds. A completely randomized design was used in this experiment. The treatments
were 0, 20, 50, 75 or 100 g of carrot meal supplementation per kg DM (dry matter) feed. Quadratic equations were used to
determine levels of carrot meal supplementation for optimal feed intake, metabolisable energy intake and nitrogen retention
of Arbor acre broiler chickens aged 1 to 21 days. Linear equations were used to determine relationships between carrot meal
supplementation and productivity variables.

Findings: Dietary carrot meal supplementation had no effect on growth rate, live weight and feed conversion ratio of unsexed
Arbor acre broiler chickens aged 1to 21 days. Carrot meal supplementation improved metabolisable energy intake and
nitrogen retention of the chickens. Dietary metabolisable energy intake and nitrogen retention of the chickens were optimized
at different carrot meal supplementation levels of 40.5 and 53.57 g/kg DM feed, respectively.

Conclusion & Significance: Carrot meal supplementation had no effect on the performance of unsexed Arbor acre broiler
chickens aged one to 21 days. However, carrot meal supplementation improved metabolisable energy intake and nitrogen
retention. Optimal improvements of these parameters were achieved at different carrot meal supplementation levels. This has
a lot of implications in diet formulations where carrot meal is included.

Biography:

David A Brown is presently a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Republic of South Africa. His expertise lies is
in ruminant nutrition. His current research interest includes: i) browsing plant utilization in ruminant. ii) feeding strategies to increase ruminant and non-ruminant production. iii) mitigation of greenhouse gases in ruminants utilizing plant bio-active compounds. He has presented his research findings at several international conferences including Canada, Germany, Ireland, USA and UK.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Goats play important roles in the communal areas of South Africa. However, their productivity is constrained by shortage of good quality feed, especially during the long dry season. Poor nutrition results in low productivity and death in extreme cases. Goats also emit methane (CH4) gas which contributes to loss of dietary gross energy and global warming. There is evidence that tanniniferous feeds in the diets of ruminants, such as Acacia nilotica leaves, may improve goat productivity and decrease CH4 production. However, this evidence is inconclusive.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of tanniniferous Acacia nilotica leaf meal inclusion levels on productivity and CH4 emission in yearling Boer bucks.
Materials & Methodology: Twenty-four yearling Boer bucks with an average live weight of 23±2 kg were allocated, in a completely randomized design, to four dietary treatments containing Acacia nilotica leaf meal inclusion levels of 10, 15, 20 or 30% of the total diet. The goats were fed ad libitum, allowing a 15% refusal of each diet. The experimental lasted for 21 days. Feed intake was measured throughout the study period. Methane emissions were measured using a hand-held CH4 detector. Methane produced was then read as parts per million-metre (ppm-m). The effects of Acacia nilotica leaf meal inclusion levels were subjected to analysis of covariance. Where the covariates showed no significant effect, the data was analyzed with analysis of variance at 5% level of probability with diet as a fixed factor.
Findings: Acacia nilotica leaf meal improved diet crude protein. Additionally, inclusion of Acacia nilotica leaf meal reduced CH4 emission in Boer bucks.
Conclusion & Significance: Acacia nilotica leaf meal had positive impact on animal productivityandentericmethane emissions. Thus, Acacia nilotica leaves have a potential of being a protein feed for ruminants.

Biography:

Raluca Maria Pop pursued PhD in Biotechnology (2011) and a master’s Degree in Food quality management (2010). Since 2012 she is currently working as a
Researcher in the Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology Department at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Cluj Napoca, Romania (Italy). Her research expertise focuses on the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of different drugs and plant extracts. During her research activity, she used different advanced techniques like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GS-MS), UV-VIS spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to characterize and identify different drugs
and plant authenticity biomarkers.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Food authenticity involves a complex and comprehensive approach to food characterization at the
molecular level. Quality control assessment is an important step in assuring food authenticity. Thus, exhaustive characterization
of food matrices is required. Complex and advanced technologies are used for bioactive compound analysis. Generally, two different approaches, selective (S) - using specific and advanced techniques like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GSMS)
and, non-selective (NS) - UV-VIS (ultraviolet-visible) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) have been used so far in authenticity evaluation. Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) represents a valuable source of important bioactive compounds for human health and nutrition, such as fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, phenolics, carotenoids. Carotenoids and phenolic compounds received much interest being associated with lower risk of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and eye disease, cancer or diabetes. Also, they are considered good biomarkers for quality and authenticity evaluation.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the composition of main phenolic and carotenoids compounds and to identify the specific quality and authenticity biomarkers.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: HPLC-PAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Pulsed amperometric detector), GC–MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy) and UHPLC–PAD–ESI- MS (Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Pulsed amperometric detector - Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy) techniques were used for
carotenoids characterization. UHPLC/PDA–ESI/MS (Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic-photodiode array- Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy) was used for phenolic compounds analysis. (NS): UV-Vis and FT-IR have been used for both carotenoids and phenolic compounds analysis.
Findings: Regarding carotenoids, berries had zeaxanthin di-palmitate and β carotene as major compounds, while leaves had lutein, β-carotene, violaxanthin and neoxanthin. Regarding phenolic compounds, berries and leaves had isorhamnetin (I) glycosides in different ratios as major compounds. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) the carotenoid and the phenolic
compounds biomarkers were identified for both berries and leaves. (NS): The specific bands for samples discrimination were also identified. Food authenticity involves a complex and comprehensive approach to food characterization at the molecular level. Quality control assessment is an important step in assuring food authenticity. Thus, exhaustive characterization
of food matrices is required. Complex and advanced technologies are used for bioactive compound analysis. Generally, two different approaches, selective (S) - using specific and advanced techniques like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GSMS)
and, non-selective (NS) - UV-VIS (ultraviolet-visible) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) have been used so far in authenticity evaluation. Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) represents a valuable source of important bioactive compounds for human health and nutrition, such as fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, phenolics, carotenoids. Carotenoids and phenolic compounds received much interest being associated with lower risk of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and eye disease, cancer or diabetes. Also, they are considered good biomarkers for quality and authenticity evaluation.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the composition of main phenolic and carotenoids compounds and to identify the specific quality and authenticity biomarkers.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: HPLC-PAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Pulsed amperometric detector), GC–MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy) and UHPLC–PAD–ESI- MS (Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Pulsed amperometric detector - Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy) techniques were used for carotenoids characterization. UHPLC/PDA–ESI/MS (Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic-photodiode array- Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy) was used for phenolic compounds analysis. (NS): UV-Vis and FT-IR have been used for both carotenoids and phenolic compounds analysis.
Findings: Regarding carotenoids, berries had zeaxanthin di-palmitate and β carotene as major compounds, while leaves had lutein, β-carotene, violaxanthin and neoxanthin. Regarding phenolic compounds, berries and leaves had isorhamnetin (I) glycosides in different ratios as major compounds. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) the carotenoid and the phenolic
compounds biomarkers were identified for both berries and leaves. (NS): The specific bands for samples discrimination were
also identified.

Biography:

Carmen Ghantous is a registered dietitian who founded Carmen’s Diet Clinic in 2013. She offers nutrition and wellness counselling to individuals and corporations. He a specialist in weight management, diabetes, cholesterol, triglycerides treatments, athletes, children, pregnant, breastfeeding women and elderly people nutrition.In addition to Carmen’s aforementioned qualifications, Carmen’s owe three clinics located in different regions in Beirut and she is the health analyst for Unilever Lebanon, Acuvue , Sohnele and Braun products.To help teen achieve improved health, weight loss and overall well-being, Carmen has implemented also a nutrition therapy program for high school students ( St Joseph School) during 2015-2016 and scheduled seminars at Ecole Secondaire des Filles de La Charite -Achrafieh ,College Saint Famille-Fanar , and the Lebanese American University (LAU) Beirut. Carmen is graduated from the Holy Spirit University in Nutrition and Food Studies and completed her dietetic residency at the Lebanese Hospital Geitawi Lebanon. Carmen’s involvement with her patients is not limited to schedule clinic appointments; she also plans regular free nutrition seminars and collaborates with a personal trainer and psychologist to give her patients a comprehensive approach to health living. Carmen has been quoted on MTV at The Doctors show, on AL Jadeed TV with Chef Richard, Radio One Lebanon with Gavin Ford, Light FM with Tanguy Focon & Lebnen El Hor station (every Wednesday until today) . She has also written articles in AL NAHAR Newsletters and AL NASHRA OnlineNews. Carmen’s has participated also in all the international events that took place in Biel (like INSHAPE exhibition 2015, RAMADANIYAT exhibition 2015-2016 and BEIRUT COOKING FESTIVAL 2016 ..

Abstract:

National Diabetes Month is observed every November so individuals, health care professionals, organizations, and communities across the country should bring attention and awareness to diabetes and its impact on millions of people.
Diet & Diabetes: This theme highlights the importance of managing diabetes to prevent diabetes- related health problems such as heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision loss, and amputation. The theme also serves as a reminder to people who may be struggling with the demands of managing diabetes that they can fight these undesirable troubles by the diet. This presentation
is prepared as community awareness campaign for managing diabetes for a longer, healthier life and it will includes why diet is important (fast facts on diabetes and objective), healthy eating (meal plan and dietary advices for diabetes), control the quantity of fats and carbohydrates, importance of weight management and physical activity, and we will finalize by 10 tips for
a fit life and body.

Biography:

Paloma Collado is a professor of psychobiology at the National University of Distance Education (UNED) in Spain. She obtained her PhD in psychobiology in 1990. Her research has been focused since the beginning of her career in the field of physiological psychology, and for the last fifteen years, on the mechanisms involved in the development of the cerebral circuits that control food intake in rodents. Particularly, this research has focused on the vulnerability of brain circuits that regulate energy homeostasis to under- and over -nutrition, and also on the factors that could modulate the adverse effects that an inadequate nutrition produces during development. She has developed this research as principal Investigator of different grants in collaboration with researchers from the University of Cambridge, the University of Turin and the Department of Endocrinology at the University Hospital Niño Jesus. Her research has been published in international peer-reviewed journals.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Adequate nutrition during the early stages of life is crucial for proper development of the neurohormonal systems that control food intake. Numerous investigations have shown that both under- and over-nutrition produce alterations in the functioning of the systems that regulate energy metabolism, and some of these alterations have been shown to be different in male and female rats. In the past decade it has been shown that leptin acts as a trophic factor during development in the programming of hypothalamic circuits that control energy metabolism. Our hypothesis is that estradiol, which shares with leptin the pathway to regulate food intake, could modulate the alterations produced by under- or over-nutrition during the early postnatal stage.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Male and female Wistar rats were submitted to a high fat (HFD) (34.9% fat), low protein (LP) (8%) or a control diet from gestational day 6. From postnatal (P) 6 to P13, both control and HFD/LP groups were administered a s.c. injection of vehicle or estradiol benzoate (0.4 mg/kg). Body weight, food intake and subcutaneous, visceral, and brown fat pads were measured. Hypothalamic neuropeptide content was analyzed by RT-PCR and plasma estradiol levels were measured by ELISA.

Findings: Changes in several physiological and neuroendocrinological parameters due to malnutrition and overnutrition were differentially detected in male and female rats, with more significant physiological changes found in males and neuroendocrinological changes found in females.

Conclusion&Significance:Our results confirm that estradiol during development modulates the alterations produced by malnutrition and might suggest a possible role of estradiol in the programming of the circuits that regulate energy metabolism. In addition, they confirm the importance f studying males and females in order to disentangle the mechanisms underlying food intake to prevent the onset of feeding disorders.